in the lump

sătur, ŭra, ŭrum, adj. [satis], full of food, sated, that has eaten enough (class.).

Lit.:

ubi satur sum (opp. quando esurio),

Plaut. Men. 5, 5, 27; so (opp. esurientes) id. Poen. prol. 6 sq.:

sopor quem satur aut lassus capias,

Lucr. 4, 957: esurientibus pullis res geri poterit;

saturis nihil geretur,

Cic. Div. 1, 35, 77:

postquam isti a mensā surgunt saturi, poti,

Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 62:

cum tu satura atque ebria eris, puer ut satur sit facito,

Ter. Hec. 5, 2, 3;

so (with ebrius and crudus),

Quint. 11, 3, 27:

et exacto contentus tempore vita Cedat, uti conviva satur,

Hor. S. 1, 1, 119:

capellae,

Verg. E. 10, 77:

colonus,

Tib. 2, 1, 23:

histrio,

Mart. 12, 79, 1.—Humorously, of a pregnant woman, Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 35.—

With abl.:

qui non edistis, saturi fite fabulis,

Plaut. Poen. prol. 8:

quadrupedes suco ambrosiae,

Ov. M. 2, 120:

nepos anseris extis,

Pers. 6, 71.—

With gen.:

postquam intus sum omnium rerum satur,

Ter. Ad. 5, 1, 3; so,

rerum (with plenus),

Lucr. 3, 960:

altilium,

Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 35.— Comp.:

agnus saturior lactis,

Col. 7, 4, 3.—

Transf., of things ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose).

Of color, full, deep, strong, rich:

color,

Plin. 37, 10, 61, § 170:

vellera saturo fucata colore,

Verg. G. 4, 335:

(purpura) quo melior saturiorque est,

Sen. Q. N. 1, 5, 12:

vestes Tyrio saturae ostro,

richly dyed, Sen. Thyest. 956.—

In gen., well filled, full; rich, abundant, fertile:

praesepia,

Verg. G. 3, 214:

Tarentum,

id. ib. 2, 197; cf.

rus,

Pers. 1, 71:

auctumnus, Col. poët. 10, 43: messes,

Lucil. Aetn. 12:

locis ob umidam caeli naturam saturis et redundantibus,

Sen. Q. N. 5, 9, 1.—

Fatted, fat:

aves paludis,

Mart. 11, 52, 14.—

Trop., rich, fruitful (opp. dry, simple; very rare;

perh. only in the two foll. passages): nec satura jejune, nec grandia minute (dicet),

Cic. Or. 36, 123:

gestus,

i. e. various, Manil. 5, 474.—Hence, sătŭra, ae, f. (sc. lanx), orig., a dish filled with various kinds of fruits, a plate of fruit; hence, also, food composed of various ingredients, a mixture, medley, olio, etc. (both significations, however, rest only on the statements of the grammarians); and hence, transf.,

Per saturam, in the gross or in the lump, i. e. without order or distinctness, confusedly:

lanx plena diversis frugibus in templum Cereris infertur, quae saturae nomine appellatur, Acro,

Hor. S. 1, 1: satura et cibi genus ex variis rebus conditum et lex multis aliis legibus conferta (this latter signif. has perh. arisen from an erroneous explanation of the foll. expression, per saturam). Itaque in sanctione legum ascribitur: neve per saturam abrogato aut derogato. Ti. Annius Luscus in eā, quam dixit adversus Ti. Gracchum: Imperium, quod plebes per saturam dederat, id abrogatum est. Et C. Laelius in eā, quam pro se dixit... (Sall. J. 29, 5) Dein postero die quasi per saturam sententiis exquisitis in deditionem accipitur, Fest. p. 314 Müll.: satira dicta a saturā lance, quae referta variis multisque primitiis in sacro apud priscos diis inferebatur... sive a quodam genere farciminis, quod multis rebus refertum, saturam dicit Varro vocitatum. Est autem hoc positum in II. libro Plautinarum Quaestionum: Satura est uva passa et polenta et nuclei pinei mulso conspersi: ad haec alii addunt et de malo Punico grana. Alii autem dictam putant a lege saturā, quae uno rogatu multa simul comprehendat, quod scilicet et satura carmina multa simul et poëmata comprehenduntur: cujus legis Lucilius meminit in primo: Per saturam aedilem factum qui legibus solvat et Sallustius in Jugurtha: Deinde quasi per saturam sententiis exquisitis in deditionem accipitur, Diom. p. 483 P.:

hoc opus legentibus tradebatur non secundum edicti perpetui ordinationem sed passim et quasi per saturam collectum et utile cum inutilibus mixtum, Just. praef. Dig. ad Antecess. § 1: Pescennius Festus in libris historiarum per saturam refert, Carthaginienses, etc.,

Lact. 1, 21, 13.—

sătŭra, and after the class. per. sătĭra (erroneously sătyra), ae, f., a satire, a species of poetry, originally dramatic and afterwards didactic, peculiar to the Romans (not connected with the Greek Satyri); it first received a regular poetic form from Ennius, and after him was cultivated by Lucilius, Horace, Persius, and Juvenal; Liv. 7, 2:

sunt quibus in saturā videar nimis acer,

Hor. S. 2, 1, 1; Stat. S. 1, 3, 103; Amm. 16, 6, 3.—Personified:

Satura jocabunda,

Mart. Cap. 6, § 576.

sătur, ŭra, ŭrum, adj. [satis], full of food, sated, that has eaten enough (class.).

Lit.:

ubi satur sum (opp. quando esurio),

Plaut. Men. 5, 5, 27; so (opp. esurientes) id. Poen. prol. 6 sq.:

sopor quem satur aut lassus capias,

Lucr. 4, 957: esurientibus pullis res geri poterit;

saturis nihil geretur,

Cic. Div. 1, 35, 77:

postquam isti a mensā surgunt saturi, poti,

Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 62:

cum tu satura atque ebria eris, puer ut satur sit facito,

Ter. Hec. 5, 2, 3;

so (with ebrius and crudus),

Quint. 11, 3, 27:

et exacto contentus tempore vita Cedat, uti conviva satur,

Hor. S. 1, 1, 119:

capellae,

Verg. E. 10, 77:

colonus,

Tib. 2, 1, 23:

histrio,

Mart. 12, 79, 1.—Humorously, of a pregnant woman, Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 35.—

With abl.:

qui non edistis, saturi fite fabulis,

Plaut. Poen. prol. 8:

quadrupedes suco ambrosiae,

Ov. M. 2, 120:

nepos anseris extis,

Pers. 6, 71.—

With gen.:

postquam intus sum omnium rerum satur,

Ter. Ad. 5, 1, 3; so,

rerum (with plenus),

Lucr. 3, 960:

altilium,

Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 35.— Comp.:

agnus saturior lactis,

Col. 7, 4, 3.—

Transf., of things ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose).

Of color, full, deep, strong, rich:

color,

Plin. 37, 10, 61, § 170:

vellera saturo fucata colore,

Verg. G. 4, 335:

(purpura) quo melior saturiorque est,

Sen. Q. N. 1, 5, 12:

vestes Tyrio saturae ostro,

richly dyed, Sen. Thyest. 956.—

In gen., well filled, full; rich, abundant, fertile:

praesepia,

Verg. G. 3, 214:

Tarentum,

id. ib. 2, 197; cf.

rus,

Pers. 1, 71:

auctumnus, Col. poët. 10, 43: messes,

Lucil. Aetn. 12:

locis ob umidam caeli naturam saturis et redundantibus,

Sen. Q. N. 5, 9, 1.—

Fatted, fat:

aves paludis,

Mart. 11, 52, 14.—

Trop., rich, fruitful (opp. dry, simple; very rare;

perh. only in the two foll. passages): nec satura jejune, nec grandia minute (dicet),

Cic. Or. 36, 123:

gestus,

i. e. various, Manil. 5, 474.—Hence, sătŭra, ae, f. (sc. lanx), orig., a dish filled with various kinds of fruits, a plate of fruit; hence, also, food composed of various ingredients, a mixture, medley, olio, etc. (both significations, however, rest only on the statements of the grammarians); and hence, transf.,

Per saturam, in the gross or in the lump, i. e. without order or distinctness, confusedly:

lanx plena diversis frugibus in templum Cereris infertur, quae saturae nomine appellatur, Acro,

Hor. S. 1, 1: satura et cibi genus ex variis rebus conditum et lex multis aliis legibus conferta (this latter signif. has perh. arisen from an erroneous explanation of the foll. expression, per saturam). Itaque in sanctione legum ascribitur: neve per saturam abrogato aut derogato. Ti. Annius Luscus in eā, quam dixit adversus Ti. Gracchum: Imperium, quod plebes per saturam dederat, id abrogatum est. Et C. Laelius in eā, quam pro se dixit... (Sall. J. 29, 5) Dein postero die quasi per saturam sententiis exquisitis in deditionem accipitur, Fest. p. 314 Müll.: satira dicta a saturā lance, quae referta variis multisque primitiis in sacro apud priscos diis inferebatur... sive a quodam genere farciminis, quod multis rebus refertum, saturam dicit Varro vocitatum. Est autem hoc positum in II. libro Plautinarum Quaestionum: Satura est uva passa et polenta et nuclei pinei mulso conspersi: ad haec alii addunt et de malo Punico grana. Alii autem dictam putant a lege saturā, quae uno rogatu multa simul comprehendat, quod scilicet et satura carmina multa simul et poëmata comprehenduntur: cujus legis Lucilius meminit in primo: Per saturam aedilem factum qui legibus solvat et Sallustius in Jugurtha: Deinde quasi per saturam sententiis exquisitis in deditionem accipitur, Diom. p. 483 P.:

hoc opus legentibus tradebatur non secundum edicti perpetui ordinationem sed passim et quasi per saturam collectum et utile cum inutilibus mixtum, Just. praef. Dig. ad Antecess. § 1: Pescennius Festus in libris historiarum per saturam refert, Carthaginienses, etc.,

Lact. 1, 21, 13.—

sătŭra, and after the class. per. sătĭra (erroneously sătyra), ae, f., a satire, a species of poetry, originally dramatic and afterwards didactic, peculiar to the Romans (not connected with the Greek Satyri); it first received a regular poetic form from Ennius, and after him was cultivated by Lucilius, Horace, Persius, and Juvenal; Liv. 7, 2:

sunt quibus in saturā videar nimis acer,

Hor. S. 2, 1, 1; Stat. S. 1, 3, 103; Amm. 16, 6, 3.—Personified:

Satura jocabunda,

Mart. Cap. 6, § 576.

con-fundo, fūdi, fūsum, 3, v. a.

To pour, mingle, or mix together (class. in prose and poetry).

Prop.:

unā multa jura (cocos),

Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 120; cf.:

jus confusum sectis herbis,

Hor. S. 2, 4, 67:

(venenum) in poculo, cum ita confusum esset ut secerni nullo modo posset,

Cic. Clu. 62, 173; Dig. 6, 1, 3, § 2:

cum ignis oculorum cum eo igne, qui est ob os offusus, se confudit et contulit,

Cic. Univ. 14:

cumque tuis lacrimis lacrimas confundere nostras,

Ov. H. 2, 95:

confundere crebroque permiscere mel, acetum, oleum,

Plin. 29, 3, 11, § 50:

omnia arenti ramo (Medea),

Ov. M. 7, 278:

(Alpheus) Siculis confunditur undis,

mingles, Verg. A. 3, 696:

mixtum flumini subibat mare,

Curt. 9, 9, 7:

(cornua cervi contrita) pulvereae confusa farinae,

Ov. Med. Fac. 61:

aes auro,

Plin. 34, 2, 3, § 5.—

Meton.

In gen., to mingle, unite, join, combine (rare):

(decorum) totum illud quidem est cum virtute confusum, sed mente cogitatione distinguitur,

Cic. Off. 1, 27, 95; so,

vera cum falsis,

id. Ac. 2, 19, 61:

est id quidem in totam orationem confundendum,

id. de Or. 2, 79, 322:

vis quaedam sentiens quae est toto confusa mundo,

id. Div. 1, 52, 118:

sermones in unum,

Liv. 7, 12, 14; cf. id. 40, 46, 13:

duo populi in unum confusi,

id. 1, 23, 2: diversum confusa genus panthera camelo ( = camelopardalis, the giraffe), Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 195:

rusticus urbano confusus,

id. A. P. 213; cf.:

quinque continuos dactylos,

Quint. 9, 4, 49:

subjecta sibi vocalis in unum sonum coalescere et confundi nequiret,

id. 1, 7, 26.—Of bringing together in speech:

cuperem equidem utrumque (una dijudicare), sed est difficile confundere,

Cic. Tusc. 1, 11, 23; cf. id. Brut. 26, 100.— Poet.:

proelia cum aliquo,

Hor. C. 1, 17, 23 al. —More freq.,

Esp., with the idea of confounding, disarranging, to confound, confuse, jumble together, bring into disorder:

an tu haec ita confundis et perturbas, ut quicumque velit, quod velit, quo modo velit possit dedicare?

Cic. Dom. 49, 127:

omnis corporis atque animi sensus,

Lucr. 2, 946; cf. id. 2, 439:

aëra per multum confundi verba necesse'st Et conturbari vocem,

id. 4, 558: confusa venit vox inque pedita, id. 4, 562 sq.:

censeo omnis in oratione esse quasi permixtos et confusos pedes,

Cic. Or. 57, 195:

particulae primum confusae postea in ordinem adductae a mente divinā,

id. Ac. 2, 37, 118:

signa et ordines peditum atque equitum,

Liv. 9, 27, 10:

jura gentium,

id. 4, 1, 2:

priora,

Quint. 10, 5, 23:

ordinem disciplinae,

Tac. H. 1, 60; cf.:

ordinem militiae,

id. ib. 2, 93:

lusum,

Suet. Claud. 33:

annum (together with conturbare),

id. Aug. 31 et saep.: foedus, to violate (suncheein, Hom. Il. 4, 269), Verg. A. 5, 496; 12, 290:

summa imis,

Curt. 8, 8, 8:

imperium, promissa, preces confundit in unum,

mingles together, Ov. M. 4, 472:

jura et nomina,

id. ib. 10, 346:

fasque nefasque,

id. ib. 6, 585:

in chaos,

id. ib. 2, 299:

mare caelo,

Juv. 6, 283 (cf.:

caelum terris miscere,

id. 2, 25):

ora fractis in ossibus,

i. e. to disfigure the features, make them undistinguishable, Ov. M. 5, 58; Sen. Troad. 1117; cf.:

omnia corporis lineamenta,

Petr. 105, 10; Just. 3, 5, 11;

and vultus,

Luc. 2, 191; 3, 758; Stat. Th. 2, 232:

oris notas,

Curt. 8, 3, 13:

si irruptione fluminis fines agri confudit inundatio,

Dig. 19, 2, 31:

ossa Non agnoscendo confusa reliquit in ore,

Ov. M. 12, 251:

vultum Lunae,

to cloud, obscure, id. ib. 14, 367.—Of disordered health:

neque apparet, quod corpus confuderit,

Cels. 3, 5, 3.—

Trop., of intellectual confusion, to disturb, disconcert, confound, perplex (freq. after the Aug. per.;

perh. not in Cic.): audientium animos, etc.,

Liv. 45, 42, 1; 34, 50, 1:

cum confusa memoria esset,

id. 5, 50, 6:

nos (fulmina),

Quint. 8, 3, 5; Plin. Ep. 3, 10, 2:

me gravi dolore (nuntius),

id. ib. 5, 5, 1; Quint. 1, 12, 1:

intellectum,

Plin. 21, 18, 70, § 117:

inmitem animum imagine tristi,

Tac. H. 1, 44:

Alexander pudore confusus,

Curt. 7, 7, 23:

illum ingens confundit honos inopinaque turbat gloria,

Stat. Th. 8, 283; Juv. 7, 68:

diligentiam monitoris confundit multitudo,

Col. 1, 9, 7.—

To diffuse, suffuse, spread over (rare).

Prop.:

cibus in eam venam, quae cava appellatur, confunditur,

diffuses itself, Cic. N. D. 2, 55, 137:

vinum in ea (vasa),

Col. 12, 28 fin.:

cruorem in fossam,

Hor. S. 1, 8, 28.—

Poet., to throw in great numbers:

tela per foramina muri,

Sil. 14, 333.—

Trop.:

aliquid in totam orationem,

Cic. de Or. 2, 79, 322:

vim quandam sentientem atque divinam, quae toto confusa mundo sit,

id. Div. 2, 15, 35: rosa ingenuo confusa rubore, suffused with, etc., Col. poët. 10, 260.—Hence, confūsus, a, um, P. a. (acc. to I. B. 2.), brought into disorder, confused, perplexed, disorderly (class. in prose and poetry):

ruina mundi,

Lucr. 6, 607; cf.

natura,

id. 6, 600:

vox,

id. 4, 562; 4, 613; cf.:

oratio confusa, perturbata,

Cic. de Or. 3, 13, 50:

stilus,

Quint. 1, 1, 28:

verba,

Ov. M. 2, 666; 12, 55; 15, 606:

suffragium,

Liv. 26, 18, 9 Drak. ad loc. (cf.:

confusio suffragiorum,

Cic. Mur. 23, 47):

confusissimus mos,

Suet. Aug. 44:

clamor,

Liv. 30, 6, 2.—With abl.:

ipse confusus animo,

Liv. 6, 6, 7; cf. id. 35, 35, 18:

maerore,

id. 35, 15, 9:

eodem metu,

Quint. 1, 10, 48:

somnio,

Suet. Caes. 7:

irā, pudore,

Curt. 7, 7, 23; cf. Ov. H. 21, 111; id. Tr. 3, 1, 81:

fletu,

Petr. 134, 6:

turbā querelarum,

Just. 32, 2, 3 al.:

ex recenti morsu animi,

Liv. 6, 34, 8.— Absol.:

Masinissa ex praetorio in tabernaculum suum confusus concessit,

Liv. 30, 15, 2:

nunc onusti cibo et vino perturbata et confusa cernimus,

Cic. Div. 1, 29, 60; Petr. 74, 10; 91, 1 al.:

confusus atque incertus animi,

Liv. 1, 7, 6:

rediit confuso voltu,

id. 41, 15, 1; Ov. Tr. 3, 5, 11:

ore confuso,

Curt. 6, 7, 18; cf.:

confusior facies,

Tac. A. 4, 63:

pavor confusior,

Plin. 7, prooem. 1, § 5.— Hence, confūsē, adv., confusedly, without order, disorderly (several times in Cic.; elsewh. rare;

not in Quint.): confuse et permiste dispergere aliquid,

Cic. Inv. 1, 30, 49:

loqui,

id. Fin. 2, 9, 27; cf.:

confuse varieque sententias dicere,

Gell. 14, 2, 17:

agere,

Cic. N. D. 3, 8, 19:

utraque res conjuncte et confuse comparata est, Auct. her. 4, 47, 60: universis mancipiis constitutum pretium,

in the lump, Dig. 21, 1, 36.—

* Comp.:

confusius acta res est,

Cic. Phil. 8, 1, 1.— Sup. not in use.

glaeba (less correctly glēba), ae, f. [cf. globus].

Prop., a small piece or lump of earth, a clod (cf. gramen, herba, faenum, caespes):

ingens,

Lucr. 6, 553:

glaebis terrarum saepe friatis,

id. 1, 887:

fecundae,

id. 1, 212; so Verg. G. 1, 94; Hor. C. 3, 6, 39:

si glaebis aut saxis aut fustibus aliquem de fundo praecipitem egeris... non esse arma cespites neque glaebas, etc.,

Cic. Caecin. 21, 60:

omnes, qui ullam agri glaebam possiderent,

id. Verr. 2, 3, 11, § 28; so,

nec ulli glaeba ulla agri assignaretur,

Liv. 4, 11; cf.

also: non adimi cuiquam glaebam,

Cic. Agr. 3, 1, 3:

nam priusquam in os injecta glaeba est, locus ille, ubi crematum est corpus, nihil habet religionis,

id. Leg. 2, 22, 57; cf. Varr. L. L. 5, 4, 9, § 23;

and Fest. s. v. praecidanea, p. 223: ex fundo glaeba sumebatur,

Gai. Inst. 4, 17:

ornare glaebam virentem,

i. e. an altar built of turf, Juv. 12, 85; v. also glaebula.—

Transf.

Land, soil:

terra antiqua potens armis atque ubere glaebae,

Verg. A. 1, 531:

glebae felices,

App. M. p. 102, 7.—

Of other things, a piece, lump, mass:

sevi ac picis glaebae,

Caes. B. G. 7, 25; so,

turis,

Lucr. 3, 328; Stat. Th. 6, 60:

marmoris,

Plin. 36, 6, 8, § 50:

salis,

id. 31, 7, 39, z 73:

sulphuris,

id. 35, 15, 50, § 175:

lactis,

Nemes. Ecl. 3 fin. —

(Late Lat.), = pensio or canon praedio incumbens, a tax imposed upon the land of senators, Cod. Th. 6, 2, 10; ib. 12, 1, 138; Symm. Ep. 4, 61.

pīla, ae, f. [perh. for pisula, from root pis-; v. pinso, piso], a mortar (syn. mortarium):

pila, ubi triticum pinsant,

Cato, R. R. 14; Ov. Ib. 573:

zeae granum tunditur in pilā ligneā,

Plin. 18, 11, 29, § 112:

si contuderis stultum in pilā,

Vulg. Prov. 27, 22: sal sordidum in pilā pisatum, Paul. ex Fest. p. 158 Müll.

pīlă, ae, f. [for pigla, from root pag-, pig-, of pango, pe-pig-i, q. v.], a pillar (syn. columna): pila, quae parietem sustentat, ab opponendo dicta est, Paul. ex Fest. p. 204 Müll.:

locavit pilas pontis in Tiberim,

Liv. 40, 51:

salax taberna a pileatis nona fratribus pila, of the temple of Castor and Pollux,

Cat. 37, 1: nulla taberna meos habeat neque pila libellos, i. e. they are not to be publicly sold (as the booksellers had their stalls around the pillars of public buildings), Hor. S. 1, 4, 71; Vitr. 6, 11:

pilas operibus subdere,

Sen. Q. N. 6, 302; Plin. 11, 10, 10, § 23; Mart. 7, 61, 5.—

Transf., a pier or mole of stone:

saxea,

Verg. A. 9, 711; Vitr. 5, 12; Suet. Claud. 20; Sil. 4, 297.

pĭla, ae ( gen. sing. pilaï, Lucr. 5, 713; 720; 726), f. [etym. dub.; perh. akin to Gr. pallô, brandish; Lat. pellere, drive; v. Corss. 1, 525 sqq.], a ball, playing-ball (syn. follis).

Lit.: pilā expulsim ludere, Varr. ap. Non. 104, 29:

di nos quasi pilas homines habent,

Plaut. Capt. prol. 22; id. Most. 1, 2, 73:

pilae studio teneri,

Cic. de Or. 3, 23, 88; Hor. S. 1, 5, 49:

cum lapsa e manibus fugit pila,

Verg. Cir. 149, Prop. 3, 12 (4, 13), 5:

pila cadit aut mittentis vitio, aut accipientis... (pila) jactata et excepta,

Sen. Ben. 2, 17, 3:

pilam scite et diligenter excipere... apte et expedite remittere,

id. ib. 2, 32, 1:

pilam repetere, quae terram contigit,

Petr. 27:

reddere pilam,

Mart. 14, 46, 2. There were four sorts of pilæ:

trigonalis, paganica, follis, harpastum.—Prov.: mea pila est,

I have the ball, I have caught it, I've won, Plaut. Truc. 4, 1, 7:

claudus pilam,

Cic. Pis. 28, 69;

v. claudus: Fortunae pila,

the foot-ball of fortune, Aur. Vict. Epit. 18.—

Transf.

The game of ball:

quantum alii tribuunt alveolo, quantum pilae,

Cic. Arch. 6, 13.—

Of any thing round, a ball or globe of any material:

pilae lanuginis,

Plin. 12, 10, 21, § 38:

scarabaei e fimo ingentes pilas aversi pedibus volutant,

id. 11, 28, 34, § 98.—Of the globe of the earth (ante-class.): in terrae pila, Varr. ap. Non. 333, 25.—The ancients made use of a glass or crystal ball filled with water as a burning-glass:

cum addită aquā vitreae pilae sole adverso in tantum excandescunt, ut vestes exurant,

Plin. 36, 26, 67, § 199; 37, 2, 10, § 28.—The Roman ladies carried a crystal or amber ball to keep their hands cool, Prop. 2, 18, 60 (3, 18, 12); Mart. 11, 8.—Of the ball or lump of earth which adheres to the roots of a bush when torn up, Col. 5, 9. —Of the ballots or bails used by judges in voting, Prop. 4 (5), 11, 19; Ascon. Argum. Milon. fin. —Of stuffed balls or human figures: pilae et effigies viriles et muliebres ex lanā Compitalibus suspendebantur in compitis. quod hunc diem festum esse deorum inferorum quos vocant Lares, putarent: quibus tot pilae, quot capita servorum; tot effigies, quot essent liberi. ponebantur, ut vivis parcerent et essent his pilis et simulacris contenti, Paul. ex Fest. p. 239 Müll. Bulls were baited by throwing similar stuffed figures at their heads, Mart. Spect. 19, 2:

quantus erat cornu, cui pila taurus erat!

id. ib. 9;

hence, sed cui primus erat lusor dum floruit aetas, Nunc postquam desiit ludere prima pila est,

id. ib. 10, 86. As these effigies were usually torn by the throwing, the term is also applied to a torn toga, Mart. 2, 43, 6.—

In partic.:

pilae Nursicae, i. e. rapae rotundae,

Mart. 13, 20, 2.

offa, ae, f.

Lit., a bite, bit, morsel; esp. a little ball or pellet made of flour: antiqui offam vocabant abscisum globi formā, ut manu glomeratam pultem, Paul. ex Fest. s. v. poenitam offam, p. 242 Müll.: offam eripere alicui, Enn. ap. Plin. 18, 8, 19, § 84 (Enn. p. 181 Vahl.); Varr. R. R. 3, 5:

offam obicit,

Verg. A. 6, 420:

pultis,

Cic. Div. 2, 35, 73.—Prov.: inter os et offam, = Engl. between the cup and the lip, Cato ap. Gell. 13, 18 (17), 1; cf.: vetus est proverbium inter os et offam, idem significans quod Graecus ille paroimiôdês versus: Polla metaxu pelei kulikos kai cheileos akrou, Apollin. ap. Gell. l. l. § 3.—

Transf., in gen.

A piece, lump, mass:

aufer illam offam porcinam,

Plaut. Mil. 3, 1, 165 Ritschl N. cr.:

offa porcina cum caudā in cenis puris offa penita vocatur, Paul. ex Fest. s. v. penem, p. 230 Müll.: gummi in offas convolutum,

Plin. 12, 9, 19, § 35.—

A swelling, Juv. 16, 11.—

A shapeless mass, untimely birth, abortion, Juv. 2, 33:

quantas robusti carminis offas Ingeris?

Pers. 5, 5; Plin. 9, 48, 72, § 155.

* * *

* * *

carnārĭus, a, um, adj. [2. caro], of or belonging to flesh; subst.

carnārĭus, ii, m.

Carnarius kreôpôlês, a dealer in flesh, a butcher, Gloss. Vet.—

Humorously, one who admires a plump habit of body, a lump of flesh, Mart. 11, 100, 6.—

car-nārĭum, ii, n.

A frame furnished with hooks to hang up meats over the hearth for smoking or drying, etc., Plaut. Ps. 1, 2, 64; 1, 2, 66; Cato, R. R. 13, 1; 14, 2; Varr. R. R. 2, 4, 3; id. ap. Non. 400, 14; 545, 12; Col. 12, 53, 3; 135, 4; 136, 1.—

A larder, pantry, Plaut. Capt. 4, 4, 6; id. Curc. 2, 3, 45; Plin. 18, 25, 60, § 227; 19, 4, 19, § 57.

carnārĭus, a, um, adj. [2. caro], of or belonging to flesh; subst.

carnārĭus, ii, m.

Carnarius kreôpôlês, a dealer in flesh, a butcher, Gloss. Vet.—

Humorously, one who admires a plump habit of body, a lump of flesh, Mart. 11, 100, 6.—

car-nārĭum, ii, n.

A frame furnished with hooks to hang up meats over the hearth for smoking or drying, etc., Plaut. Ps. 1, 2, 64; 1, 2, 66; Cato, R. R. 13, 1; 14, 2; Varr. R. R. 2, 4, 3; id. ap. Non. 400, 14; 545, 12; Col. 12, 53, 3; 135, 4; 136, 1.—

A larder, pantry, Plaut. Capt. 4, 4, 6; id. Curc. 2, 3, 45; Plin. 18, 25, 60, § 227; 19, 4, 19, § 57.

massa, ae, f., = maza, that which adheres together like dough, a lump, mass ( poet. and post-Aug.):

massa picis,

Verg. G. 1, 275:

salis,

Plin. 31, 7, 39, § 78:

lactis coacti,

cheese, Ov. M. 8, 666:

lactis alligati,

Mart. 8, 64, 9.—Of metals:

versantque tenaci forcipe massam,

Verg. A. 8, 453:

aeris,

Plin. 34, 9, 20, § 97:

chalybis,

Ov. F. 4, 405:

ardens,

Juv. 10, 130.—Of money:

tum argenti montis, non massas habet: Aetna non aeque altast,

Plaut. Mil. 4, 2, 73.— Absol., of a mass of gold:

contactu gleba potenti Massa fit,

Ov. M. 11, 112: marmoris, a block of marble:

marmor, non in columnis crustisve, sed in massa,

Plin. 36, 6, 8, § 49.—Of chaos, Ov. M. 1, 70.—Of a heavy weight, Juv. 6, 421.—Of an indeterminate quantity of land, Inscr. Orell. 4360.

Massa, ae, m., a Roman surname.

L. Terentius Massa, Liv. 31, 50; 40, 35. —

Baebius Massa, a notorious informer and sycophant, Plin. Ep. 3, 4; 7, 33; Juv. 1, 35.—

The name of a slave, Petr. 69.

massa, ae, f., = maza, that which adheres together like dough, a lump, mass ( poet. and post-Aug.):

massa picis,

Verg. G. 1, 275:

salis,

Plin. 31, 7, 39, § 78:

lactis coacti,

cheese, Ov. M. 8, 666:

lactis alligati,

Mart. 8, 64, 9.—Of metals:

versantque tenaci forcipe massam,

Verg. A. 8, 453:

aeris,

Plin. 34, 9, 20, § 97:

chalybis,

Ov. F. 4, 405:

ardens,

Juv. 10, 130.—Of money:

tum argenti montis, non massas habet: Aetna non aeque altast,

Plaut. Mil. 4, 2, 73.— Absol., of a mass of gold:

contactu gleba potenti Massa fit,

Ov. M. 11, 112: marmoris, a block of marble:

marmor, non in columnis crustisve, sed in massa,

Plin. 36, 6, 8, § 49.—Of chaos, Ov. M. 1, 70.—Of a heavy weight, Juv. 6, 421.—Of an indeterminate quantity of land, Inscr. Orell. 4360.

Massa, ae, m., a Roman surname.

L. Terentius Massa, Liv. 31, 50; 40, 35. —

Baebius Massa, a notorious informer and sycophant, Plin. Ep. 3, 4; 7, 33; Juv. 1, 35.—

The name of a slave, Petr. 69.

rāpum, i, n. [akin to Gr. rhaphê, rhaphanê] (collat. form rāpa, ae, f., Col. 11, 3, 16; Scrib. Comp. 176; 177), a turnip, rape: Brassica rapa, Linn.; Varr. R. R. 1, 59, 4; Col. 2, 10, 22 sq.; Plin. 18, 13, 33, § 125;

flung at one as an insult,

Suet. Vesp. 4.—

A knob or lump formed by the roots of a tree:

magnarum arborum truncos cum rapo suo transtulit,

Sen. Ep. 86, 17; cf. id. ib. 86, 18.